Case file · High strangeness

Earthquake lights at L'Aquila

Before and during the 6 April 2009 L'Aquila earthquake, residents reported flashes, glowing bands and flames over the ground; researchers later collected the accounts as a key earthquake-light case.

2009 CE · 42.35, 13.40 · status: unexplained

The account

The quake killed 309 people. A local technician, Giampaolo Giuliani, had claimed radon readings foretold it, and six scientists were later tried (and finally acquitted) over reassurances given a week before.

The sceptical view

Earthquake lights are accepted as real by many geophysicists, but their mechanism is unresolved.

The researched reading

Real luminous effects around a deadly quake, mixed with power-line flashes and later memories. Earthquake lights are natural but not yet well understood.

ExplanationWeightWhy
A known natural phenomenon40%Cristiano Fidani collected many independent reports of flashes, glows and flames before and during the 6 April 2009 shock; earthquake lights are well attested in rift settings like the Apennines, though their mechanism (stress-activated charges in rock, gas release) is still debated.
Something in the surroundings20%Power lines and transformers arcing as the ground shook produce flashes that many witnesses could not tell apart from earthquake lights.
Undetermined18%The share a generic explanation had beyond what has been shown for this case: it fits many cases like this one, but has not been demonstrated for this one.
Perception, memory or mind14%Most accounts were collected weeks or months later from shocked survivors, when memory is easily reshaped by what others reported.
A cultural story4%The Giuliani radon prediction and the trial of the scientists made the quake a focus of stories about omens.
A hoax or fabrication2%No sign of fabrication among the witnesses.
Genuinely anomalous2%The lights are an unsolved geophysical problem, not evidence of anything beyond nature.

Official position: Geophysicists treat the L’Aquila reports as a key earthquake-light dataset; no official body has explained them.

Sources

  1. Wikipedia: Earthquake light
  2. Wikipedia: 2009 L'Aquila earthquake
  3. The earthquake lights (EQL) of the 6 April 2009 Aquila earthquake (Fidani, NHESS, 2010)
  4. Prevalence of earthquake lights associated with rift environments (Thériault et al., SRL, 2014)
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