Venus Tablet of Ammisaduqa
Tablet 63 of the omen series Enūma Anu Enlil records 21 years of Venus risings and settings, made under King Ammisaduqa of Babylon, with the omens they were thought to bring.
1,646 BCE · 32.54, 44.42 · status: official
The account
The best-known copy comes from Ashurbanipal's library at Nineveh (7th century BC), but the observations go back to the Old Babylonian period. Each entry pairs a sky event with an earthly outcome ('there will be rains', 'the king will die'). Enūma Anu Enlil grew to about 70 tablets and some 7,000 omens, and it shaped how Mesopotamian scholars read the sky for a thousand years.
The sceptical view
The tablet is a real astronomical record; the omens attached to it are interpretations, not predictions that came true. Its exact dating is still argued (high, middle and low chronologies).