Tradition · Abrahamic
Islam
Submission to the one God, whose final word came through the Prophet Muhammad.
610 CE → · Originating in Arabia · Abrahamic
Islam proclaims the absolute oneness of God (Allah) and the finality of the revelation given to the Prophet Muhammad in the Qur'an, understood as God's literal speech. It honors the earlier prophets of Judaism and Christianity — Abraham, Moses, Jesus — within a single lineage of divine guidance, and orders life around the Five Pillars. From Arabia it spread swiftly across three continents, later dividing chiefly into Sunni and Shia.
Key figures
- The Prophet Muhammad
- Abraham, Moses, Jesus (as prophets)
Texts
- The Qur’an
- The Hadith
Beliefs
- Absolute oneness of God (tawhid)
- Muhammad as the final prophet
- The Qur’an as God’s literal word
- Judgment, paradise, and hell
Rituals
- The five daily prayers
- Fasting in Ramadan
- Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca
- Almsgiving (zakat)
Grew from
Connections in the atlas
- The word mosque
- Clifford Geertz
- The Tarikh al-Sudan
- Karbala and the Shrine of Imam Husayn
- Ifrit
- Fort Jesus
- Kaaba, Mecca (major axis): star:Canopus
- The travels of Ibn Battuta
- Rub el Hizb
- The Black Stone sent from heaven
- ? Does the Piri Reis map show Antarctica?
- Druze Faith